High-frequency transformer

High frequency transformer is the vital component of switch power supply. The transformer realizes the basic conversion of input and output voltages. On the other hand, it also performs high-voltage isolation at the input and output ends to improve user safety. In order to achieve high-voltage isolation of switching power supply through high frequency transformer, the insulation protection is essential.

The insulation protection of high frequency transformer is generally divided into interturn isolation, inter-layer isolation, winding-to-group isolation and core isolation.

Here's an example, the isolation between the sixth turn and the fifth turn of transformer. In most cases, conventional interturn isolation can be achieved by using enameled wire. The appropriate enameled wire can be selected based on the V/turn (turn voltage) of the designed transformer.

Of course, the insulation layer of enameled wire is easily damaged by high temperature, so in the design process, in addition to the above V/turn, further selection should be based on winding loss and temperature rise.

2. Interlayer isolation

It refers to the isolation between different winding layers of a single winding of high frequency transformer. For example, winding B is wound in three layers, and the isolation between layer 2 and adjacent layers 1 and 3 is called interlayer isolation. According to the self-insulating layer between each layer of the enameled wire, a certain degree of inter-layer isolation can be achieved, and high-temperature insulating tape can be wrapped between the layers to further strengthen the inter-layer insulation.

During the design process, as mentioned above, a reasonable interlayer insulation method can be selected based on V/layer and operating temperature rise. Of course, in order to save the winding window area of the transformer, it is not recommended to wrap insulating tape between each layer when there's no need. This causes the transformer winding to be bulky and increase the difficulty of winding.

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